Augmented renal clearance in critically ill patients: etiology, definition and implications for beta-lactam dose optimization.
Abstract: The renal clearance of antibiotics may be elevated in some critically ill patients. This paper reviews this recently described phenomenon, referred to as augmented renal clearance (ARC). ARC is considered to be driven by pathophysiological elevation of...
Amiodarone use is associated with increased risk of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia requiring treatment worldwide, is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke. Although amiodarone is commonly used for rhythm control in AF, its relationship with stroke has rarely been...
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can diminish fibromyalgia syndrome–prospective clinical trial.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a persistent and debilitating disorder estimated to impair the quality of life of 2-4% of the population, with 9:1 female-to-male incidence ratio. FMS is an important representative example of central nervous system...
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: A New Treatment for Chronic Pain?
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a treatment providing 100% oxygen at a pressure greater than that at sea level. HBOT is becoming increasingly recognized as a potential treatment modality for a broad range of ailments, including...
Biomarkers of necrotising soft tissue infections: aspects of the innate immune response and effects of hyperbaric oxygenation-the protocol of the prospective cohort BIONEC study.
Abstract: The mortality and amputation rates are still high in patients with necrotising soft tissue infections (NSTIs). It would be ideal to have a set of biomarkers that enables the clinician to identify high-risk patients with NSTI on admission. The objectives of...
Severe neurologic impairment and uncommon magnetic resonance imaging findings after carbon monoxide poisoning.
Abstract: Carbon monoxide poisoning is the most common cause of fatal poisoning worldwide and can lead to severe brain damages. We report a delayed encephalopathy after a severe carbon monoxide poisoning with uncommon magnetic resonance imaging findings. Hoffmann,...
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning attenuates neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats by regulating microglia characteristics.
Abstract: Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) results in a detrimental neurologic disorder with complicated secondary brain injury. Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBOP) may be a safe and effective therapeutic method for ICH victims. Our previous studies have...
Does self-certification reflect the cardiac health of UK sport divers?
Abstract: Since 2009, the United Kingdom diving incident data show an increasing number of fatalities in the over-50s age group. Previous studies also suggest some divers take cardiac medications. Since 2001, diving medicals have not been mandatory for UK sport...
Enhanced colonic nitric oxide generation and nitric oxide synthase activity in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease
Recent studies have suggested that nitric oxide (NO.), the product of nitric oxide synthase in inflammatory cells, may play a part in tissue injury and inflammation through its oxidative metabolism. In this study the colonic generation of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and nitric oxide synthase activity was determined in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Colonic biopsy specimens were obtained from inflammatory bowel disease patients and from normal controls. Mucosal explants were cultured in vitro for 24 hours and NOx generation was determined. Nitric oxide synthase activity was monitored by the conversion of [3H]-L-arginine to citrulline. Median NOx generation by inflamed colonic mucosa of patients with active ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis was 4.2- and 8.1-fold respectively higher than that by normal human colonic mucosa. In ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis nitric oxide synthase activity was 10.0- and 3.8-fold respectively higher than in normal subjects.